Online-only articleMajor articleMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Rio de Janeiro hospitals: Dissemination of the USA400/ST1 and USA800/ST5 SCCmec type IV and USA100/ST5 SCCmec type II lineages in a public institution and polyclonal presence in a private one
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This study was conducted at 2 tertiary care hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: the Marcilio Dias public hospital and the Copa D’Or private hospital. The public hospital is a military institution located in a suburb where the population is predominately low income. It has 532 beds, and 35 of them are in an intensive care unit (ICU). The private hospital is an institution with 188 beds: 47 of them are in an ICU, and it is located in a wealthy area of the city. There are also public hospitals in
Antimicrobial susceptibility and SCCmec typing
All MRSA isolates were susceptible to linezolid and teicoplanin and resistant to penicillin and cefoxitin by the disk diffusion test. The highest resistance rates were found for erythromycin (96%), ciprofloxacin (93%), and clindamycin (90%). The lowest resistance rate was found for mupirocin (25.2%). Except for mupirocin (P = .006) and chloramphenicol (P = .003), no statistically significant difference was found in relation to bacterial antimicrobial resistance between the 2 hospitals evaluated
Discussion
Some studies have evaluated the epidemiology of MRSA in Brazil and found that a great number of lineages once known to be restricted to other continents are emerging in Brazilian hospitals.9, 11, 27 However, in Brazil there are differences between the public and the private hospitals in terms of the economic profile of the patients and the number of patients per ward.14 In this study, for the first time, the molecular and phenotypic characteristics associated with MRSA isolates were evaluated
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2019, Journal of Global Antimicrobial ResistanceCitation Excerpt :As a result, S. aureus isolates present resistance rates to fluoroquinolones ranging from 36% to 48% in Latin America [2]; moreover, among MRSA isolates the rates can reach up to 90% [10]. In Brazil, a study by our group [18] reported that 93% of MRSA isolated from two hospitals in Rio de Janeiro were resistant to fluoroquinolones. Also, De Matos et al. compared multiresistant S. aureus SCCmec IV from different lineages isolated from Brazilian hospitals and found mutations in the parC gene [11].
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Complete substitution of the Brazilian endemic clone by other methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus lineages in two public hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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R.M.F.C. and F.S.C. contributed equally to this work.
Supported by Brazilian grants from Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de amparo à pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Fundação Universitária José Bonifácio (FUJB), and Programa de Núcleos de Excelência (PRONEX).
Conflicts of interest: None to report.